Intermediate
OOP with classes and inheritance, special methods, decorators, generators, lambda, file I/O, regex, and type hints.
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Object-Oriented Python
Classes and Objects
Defining classes, creating objects, and using instance variables and methods.
Inheritance and Polymorphism
Building class hierarchies with inheritance, super(), and polymorphic behaviour.
Special Methods (Dunder Methods)
Making objects behave like built-in types using __str__, __len__, __eq__, __add__, and more.
Properties, @staticmethod, @classmethod
Controlled attribute access with @property, shared utility with @staticmethod, and alternative constructors with @classmethod.
Functional Python
Lambda, map, filter, reduce
Anonymous functions and higher-order functions for concise data transformation.
Generators and Iterators
Memory-efficient sequences with yield, generator expressions, and the iterator protocol.
Decorators
Wrapping functions to add behaviour with the @decorator syntax logging, timing, caching, and more.
Python in Practice
File I/O
Reading and writing files with open(), context managers, pathlib, and working with CSV and JSON files.
Regular Expressions
Pattern matching and text extraction with Python's re module search, match, findall, sub.
Type Hints and Dataclasses
Adding type annotations for clarity and safety, and using @dataclass to eliminate boilerplate.